Arabic Terms
From Muftipedia
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[edit] Halaal
Other spellings: Halal, ḥalāl
Arabic: حلال
Meaning legal or permissible. This can refer to food, actions, clothing and words.
The term Jaaiz is also used for permissibility.
Jaaiz or Jaiz (Jaa-iz)
[edit] Haraam
Other spellings: Haram, ḥarām
Arabic: حرام
Meaning illegal or prohibited. This can refer to food, actions, clothing and words.
Antonym: Halaal
The definition of the word Haraam is sanctified, and thus the context of the Masjid al-Haraam is quite clear to understand, however when related to the forbidden actions, the meaning reflects on the actual boundaries set by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala ... i.e. the boundary, the limit, is what is sanctified because it is set by Allah.
[edit] Fardh
Other spellings: Fard, Farz (not a preferred spelling due to incorrect pronunciation)
Translation: Obligatory, Duty
[edit] Waajib
Other spellings: Wajib
Translation: Obligatory, Duty
[edit] Difference between Fardh and Waajib
Fardh is compulsory. A person who denies or rejects a Fardh will become a Kaafir.
wajib is also something necessary, although of a slightly lesser degree than Fardh. The person who denies this will not become a Kaafir, but will be a Faasiq (flagrant sinner).
[edit] Mustahab
Translation: favoured, preferred
[edit] Mubaah
Translation: Neutral
Referring to actions which would neither be considered to be Halaal, Haraam, Sunnah etc nor would any ruling be required.
[edit] Makrooh
Translation: disliked, abominable
Continuous indulging in Makrooh acts makes the act severe
[edit] Makrooh at Tahrimi
Disliked acts which are closer to Haraam and considered severe where emphasis is given on leaving or giving up the acts.
[edit] Makrooh at Tanzihi
Disliked acts which if left out, will be worthy of reward and if carried out, will not entail any punishment.
[edit] Baatil
void, incorrect
[edit] Faasiq
Translation: Corrupt, Flagrant sinner